医药学论文：广州地区a组链球菌t分型的分布状况[1]

关键字：差异 流行 城市 不同 分布 地区 研究 菌株 分型 风湿热
　　【摘要】目的　研究广州地区风湿热易感自然人群A组链球菌（GAS）T型的分布状况。方法从1990年5月至1991年4月，对广州地区9～14岁学龄儿童共453名（城市250名，农村203名）每月取咽拭子培养1次，分离β-溶血性链球菌后，采用兰菲分组鉴定出GAS共732株，对GAS采用凝集法进行T分型。结果　广州市学龄儿童携带的GAS的T型以T6(20.5%)、T4(12.0%)、T12(10.9%)多见。T型分布无性别差异(P＞0.05)，但有季节差异。同一学校不同班级有不同的 T型分布。不可分型菌株占13.3%。结论　1990～1991年广州地区学龄儿童流行GAS的T型主要以T6、4、12为多见；不同时期和不同地区流行GAS的T型分布存在差异。

　　Epidemic trends of T-typing of group A streptococci in guangzhou area

　　 【Abstract】Objective　To investigate the epidemic trends of the T typing of group A hemolytic streptococci (GAS) isolated from Guangzhou school children in China from 1990 to 1991.Methods　732 group A streptococci were isolated from throat culture of 453 school children aged 9～14 years in Guangzhou City, South China from May 1990 to April 1991. Their T-type detection rates, T-type epidemics, monthly isolation rates, and isolation rates by sex were analysed epidemiologically.Results　Among the children, the most common serotype was T6 (20.5%),followed by T4(12.0%), and T12 (10.9%). The main serotype in Guangzhou urban areas was T6 (30.6%), and in the rural areas was ;T12 (21.0%). There was statistically significant difference (P＜0.005) between urban and rural areas. There was no significant difference between male and female, but quite difference in different seasons. Different class in the same school had different T serotype distribution. Non-typable strains reached 13.3%.Conclusion　The dominant prevalent strains of GAS were T6, 4, 12 in Guangzhou school children， South China from 1990 to 1991. The distribution of GAS T-typing varied from different regions and periods.

　　 【Key words】Streptococci pyogenes;Bacterial typing techniques;Rheymatic fever

　　研究证实，风湿热 (RF)的发生仅与 A组溶血性链球菌（GAS）上呼吸道感染有关，因而对GAS分型的分布状况研究显得非常重要。国外对风湿热易感自然人群（5～18岁）中携带GAS血清学分型已进行了大量的研究，对风湿热的流行病学、预防和控制以及对GAS疫苗的研制均具有重要的意义。在我国，对此方面的研究较少。由于M蛋白容易丢失，其抗血清难以制备，通过对GAS菌株的 T型推断 M型的流行分布趋势，使 T型变得更加重要。我们分析了广州地区 RF易感人群携带GAS者菌株的 T型的分布，拟推测相医药学论文