求几篇英语短文章：1、关于跑步 2、关于足球 3、关于游泳跑步：要说明跑步是一项大众化运动,很多人喜欢足球：哪支足球队最好游泳：随意

求几篇英语短文章：1、关于跑步 2、关于足球 3、关于游泳跑步：要说明跑步是一项大众化运动,很多人喜欢足球：哪支足球队最好游泳：随意
求几篇英语短文章：1、关于跑步 2、关于足球 3、关于游泳
跑步：要说明跑步是一项大众化运动,很多人喜欢
足球：哪支足球队最好
游泳：随意

求几篇英语短文章：1、关于跑步 2、关于足球 3、关于游泳跑步：要说明跑步是一项大众化运动,很多人喜欢足球：哪支足球队最好游泳：随意
1.
THE runners high: Every athlete has heard of it, most seem to believe in it and many say they have experienced it. But for years scientists have reserved judgment because no rigorous test confirmed its existence. Yes, some people reported that theyTHE runner’s high: Every athlete has heard of it, most seem to believe in it and many say they have experienced it. But for years scientists have reserved judgment because no rigorous test confirmed its existence.
Yes, some people reported that they felt so good when they exercised that it was as if they had taken mood-altering drugs. But was that feeling real or just a delusion? And even if it was real, what was the feeling supposed to be, and what caused it?
Some who said they had experienced a runner’s high said it was uncommon. They might feel relaxed or at peace after exercising, but only occasionally did they feel euphoric. Was the calmness itself a runner’s high?
Often, those who said they experienced an intense euphoria reported that it came after an endurance event.
My friend Marian Westley said her runner’s high came at the end of a marathon, and it was paired with such volatile emotions that the sight of a puppy had the power to make her weep.
Others said they experienced a high when pushing themselves almost to the point of collapse in a short, intense effort, such as running a five-kilometer race.
But then there are those like my friend Annie Hiniker, who says that when she finishes a 5-k race, the last thing she feels is euphoric. “I feel like I want to throw up,” she said.
The runner’s-high hypothesis proposed that there were real biochemical effects of exercise on the brain. Chemicals were released that could change an athlete’s mood, and those chemicals were endorphins, the brain’s naturally occurring opiates. Running was not the only way to get the feeling; it could also occur with most intense or endurance exercise.
The problem with the hypothesis was that it was not feasible to do a spinal tap before and after someone exercised to look for a flood of endorphins in the brain. Researchers could detect endorphins in people’s blood after a run, but those endorphins were part of the body’s stress response and could not travel from the blood to the brain. They were not responsible for elevating one’s mood. So for more than 30 years, the runner’s high remained an unproved hypothesis.
But now medical technology has caught up with exercise lore. Researchers in Germany, using advances in neuroscience, report in the current issue of the journal Cerebral Cortex that the folk belief is true: Running does elicit a flood of endorphins in the brain. The endorphins are associated with mood changes, and the more endorphins a runner’s body pumps out, the greater the effect.
Leading endorphin researchers not associated with the study said they accepted its findings.
“Impressive,” said Dr. Solomon Snyder, a neuroscience professor at Johns Hopkins and a discoverer of endorphins in the 1970’s.
“I like it,” said Huda Akil, a professor of neurosciences at the University of Michigan. “This is the first time someone took this head on. It wasn’t that the idea was not the right idea. It was that the evidence was not there.”
For athletes, the study offers a sort of vindication that runner’s high is not just a New Agey excuse for their claims of feeling good after a hard workout.
For athletes and nonathletes alike, the results are opening a new chapter in exercise science. They show that it is possible to define and measure the runner’s high and that it should be possible to figure out what brings it on. They even offer hope for those who do not enjoy exercise but do it anyway. These exercisers might learn techniques to elicit a feeling that makes working out positively addictive.
The lead researcher for the new study, Dr. Henning Boecker of the University of Bonn, said he got the idea of testing the endorphin hypothesis when he realized that methods he and others were using to study pain were directly applicable.
The idea was to use PET scans combined with recently available chemicals that reveal endorphins in the brain, to compare runners’ brains before and after a long run. If the scans showed that endorphins were being produced and were attaching themselves to areas of the brain involved with mood, that would be direct evidence for the endorphin hypothesis. And if the runners, who were not told what the study was looking for, also reported mood changes whose intensity correlated with the amount of endorphins produced, that would be another clincher for the argument.
Dr. Boecker and colleagues recruited 10 distance runners and told them they were studying opioid receptors in the brain. But the runners did not realize that the investigators were studying the release of endorphins and the runner’s high. The athletes had a PET scan before and after a two-hour run. They also took a standard psychological test that indicated their mood before and after running.
The data showed that, indeed, endorphins were produced during running and were attaching themselves to areas of the brain associated with emotions, in particular the limbic and prefrontal areas.
The limbic and prefrontal areas, Dr. Boecker said, are activated when people are involved in romantic love affairs or, he said, “when you hear music that gives you a chill of euphoria, like Rachmaninoff’s Piano Concerto No. 3.” The greater the euphoria the runners reported, the more endorphins in their brain.
“Some people have these really extreme experiences with very long or intensive training,” said Dr. Boecker, a casual runner and cyclist, who said he feels completely relaxed and his head is clearer after a run.
That was also what happened to the study subjects, he said: “You could really see the difference after two hours of running. You could see it in their faces.”
In a follow-up study, Dr. Boecker is investigating if running affects pain perception. “There are studies that showed enhanced pain tolerance in runners,” he said. “You have to give higher pain stimuli before they say, ‘O.K., this hurts.’ ”
And, he said, there are stories of runners who had stress fractures, even heart attacks, and kept on running.
Dr. Boecker and his colleagues have recruited 20 marathon runners and a similar number of nonathletes and are studying the perception of pain after a run, and whether there are related changes in brain scans. He is also having the subjects walk to see whether the effects, if any, are because of the intensity of the exercise.
The nonathletes can help investigators assess whether untrained people experience the same effects. Maybe one reason some people love intense exercise and others do not is that some respond with a runner’s high or changed pain perception.
Annie might question that. She loves to run, but wonders why. But her husband tells her that the look on her face when she is running is just blissful. So maybe even she gets a runner’s high.
你自己精简下吧~
2.
TEAMS Each soccer team has eleven players and three substitute, or reserve players. The team consists of a goalkeeper, defenders, midfield players, and forwards (or strikers). The object of the game is to get the ball into your opponent's goal.
球队 每支球队有11名场上队员和3名替补队员.球队包括守门员、防守队员、中场队员和前锋.比赛的目的就是要将足球踢人对方的球门.
THE MATCH A game of soccer is called a match and is split into two halves of 45 minutes each, with a 15-minute break at halftime. A referee and two assistants make sure that nobody cheats or breaks the rules.
比赛 足球比赛分为两个半场,每半场各45分钟,上下半场中间有15分钟的休息时间.比赛有一位主裁判和两名助理裁判,他们的职责是监督是否有球员作弊或者是犯规.
GOALKEEPNG Goalkeeping is a special skill. While the rest of the team can afford to make mistakes, if the goalkeeper makes one, it usually results in a goal for the opposition. Above Your Head The best way to catch a ball above your head is by joining the thumbs and forefingers of your hands together so there is a small arch between your hands. Chest or Head Jump off one leg and cradle the ball comfortably to your chest. The ball should rest on your forearms, with your hands holding it from above. Left or Right Always try to get both hands behind the ball and hold on tight. As soon as you've caught it, bring the ball quickly into the safety of your body.
守门 守门是一项特殊的技能.队里的其他球员有失误问题还不太要紧,但守门员的失误就常常导致对方进球.过顶球 处理过顶球的最佳方法是用大拇指和其他手指一起来接球,因为那样双手之间可形成一个拱形.胸前或眼前球 单脚跳起,把球自然地抱在怀里.用前臂夹住球,两手从前臂上方抱住球.左侧球或右侧球 要尽量从球后方来牢牢地接住球,一旦接住了球,就要赶快把球抱住.
3.
I think that the summer when we can enjoy our time to go swimming!As the hot summer weather,people can not wait to find a place to dispel summer heat,perhaps the pool is more practical than the air-conditioned room.
　　Where we should go swimming?Reservoirs, sea, rivers?I think the best option is swimming pool.Where you can enjoy the cool,you can enjoy swimming and the most important thing is that it is safe.
　　There are many benefits of swimming!Such as ：1.Resist cold, to adapt to temperature changes.2.Improve heart and lung function.3.Plastic.4.Calcium skin care!
　　So let us swim in the summer
　　中文翻译：我认为夏天是游泳的最佳季节!由于夏天天气闷热,人们迫不及待的想找个地方避暑,或许泳池与空调房相比则是更好的选择!
　　我们应该去哪里游泳呢?水库,大海,还是江河?我认为最好的地方则是游泳池.在那里我们不仅可以享受夏日清凉,可以尽情游泳并且那里是最安全的游泳地方.
　　游泳则有许多好处!像是：1、抵御寒冷、适应温度变化.
　　2、增强心肺功能.
　　3、塑体美型.
　　4、补钙护肤.
　　让我们大家一起在夏天游泳吧!