deductive arguments 和 inductive arguments 怎么区分?例如1.Since Christmas is always on a Thursday,it follows that the day after Christmas is always a Friday.例如2.This chah register drawer contains over 100 coins.Three coins selected at rand

deductive arguments 和 inductive arguments 怎么区分?例如1.Since Christmas is always on a Thursday,it follows that the day after Christmas is always a Friday.例如2.This chah register drawer contains over 100 coins.Three coins selected at rand
deductive arguments 和 inductive arguments 怎么区分?
例如1.Since Christmas is always on a Thursday,it follows that the day after Christmas is always a Friday.
例如2.This chah register drawer contains over 100 coins.Three coins selected at random were found to have dates earlier than 1945.Therefore,probably all of the coins in the drawer have dates earlier than 1945.
帮忙分析上面两个例子,属于哪种类型,为什么?

deductive arguments 和 inductive arguments 怎么区分?例如1.Since Christmas is always on a Thursday,it follows that the day after Christmas is always a Friday.例如2.This chah register drawer contains over 100 coins.Three coins selected at rand
第一个是deduction,是从普遍现实推出特定的事件（conclusion about particulars follows necessarily from general or universal premises）因为大家都知道圣诞节是星期四,那么圣诞节后面一天必为星期五,但是induction 是指从特定的事件推出普遍结论(inference of a generalized conclusion from particular instances ),因为从100硬币中选3个是特定时间,但是所有的硬币都是1945年之前产的是普遍结论,所以是induction.

第一个为deductive reasoning,是可以证明的（用数学等），简单证明：
1。在一个星期里，星期五接着星期四。（正确）
2。 圣诞节在星期四。（正确）
结论：圣诞节后一天是星期五。
第二个为inductive reasoning,是猜测/推断，无确凿证据。你只看了三个银币，不可能100%确定这个结论是对的。
我学过的这个例子可能对你有帮助：

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第一个为deductive reasoning,是可以证明的（用数学等），简单证明：
1。在一个星期里，星期五接着星期四。（正确）
2。 圣诞节在星期四。（正确）
结论：圣诞节后一天是星期五。
第二个为inductive reasoning,是猜测/推断，无确凿证据。你只看了三个银币，不可能100%确定这个结论是对的。
我学过的这个例子可能对你有帮助：
All the snowflakes are hexagonal shapes.
所有的雪花都是六角/六边形的。
因为你不可能检查每一瓣雪花，但是大多数雪花都是这个形状的，所以你用inductive reasoning推断出这个结论。
任何几何证明问题都是用deductive reasoning,因为用数学证明过。

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deductive:using knowledge about things that are generally true in order to think about and understand particular situations or problems
使用正确的认知对某一特定情况或者问题产生自己的见解
inductive :using known facts t...

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deductive:using knowledge about things that are generally true in order to think about and understand particular situations or problems
使用正确的认知对某一特定情况或者问题产生自己的见解
inductive :using known facts to produce general principles
用已知的事实得出原则或理论
前者一般警察推理侦探,法庭判案里常用;后者多用于学术范畴
第一句子是一般现在时
第二个句子一般现在时+过去时(有被动)+比较级

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