求英语达人长难句分析An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.这个句子里最后的to by如何理解.

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求英语达人长难句分析An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.这个句子里最后的to by如何理解.
求英语达人长难句分析
An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.这个句子里最后的to by如何理解.

求英语达人长难句分析An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers.这个句子里最后的to by如何理解.
to by不是连着的,repond to是一个固定搭配,是对...作出反应（回应）的意思;by producers是通过生产商,制造商.这样能理解了吗?
我对这句话的翻译是：市场导向型经济的一个重要因素是生产商能够对顾客的需求做出表示和回应.
希望能帮助你理解.

市场经济中的一个重要因素是顾客需求可以被理解并得到生产者回应的机制。可能有点不太通顺，不过大意是这样的。其中to 因为respond是不及物动词，与to搭配使用，把这个句子换成主动语态就是producers can respond to consumer demands(生产者可以回应顾客需求），所以换成被动，to也不可以省略。by producers是与resonded to连在一起的，表示顾客...

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