求奥巴马家庭背景,事业,生活及种族歧视.要英文的演讲稿

求奥巴马家庭背景,事业,生活及种族歧视.要英文的演讲稿
求奥巴马家庭背景,事业,生活及种族歧视.
要英文的演讲稿

求奥巴马家庭背景,事业,生活及种族歧视.要英文的演讲稿
给你一些材料吧：
简介
Barack Hussein Obama II 【born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States, the first African American to hold the office. He served as the junior United States Senator from Illinois from January 2005 until he resigned after his election to the presidency in November 2008.
Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004.
Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004. Following an unsuccessful bid for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for United States Senate in 2004. His victory, from a crowded field, in the March 2004 Democratic primary raised his visibility. His prime-time televised keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004 made him a rising star nationally in the Democratic Party. He was elected to the U.S. Senate in November 2004 by the largest margin in the history of Illinois.
He began his run for the presidency in February 2007. After a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination, becoming the first major party African American candidate for president. In the 2008 general election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009.
家庭：
Main articles: Early life and career of Barack Obama and Family of Barack Obama
In a 2006 interview, Obama highlighted the diversity of his extended family: "It's like a little mini-United Nations", he said. "I've got relatives who look like Bernie Mac, and I've got relatives who look like Margaret Thatcher."[198] Obama has seven half-siblings from his Kenyan father's family, six of them living, and a half-sister with whom he was raised, Maya Soetoro-Ng, the daughter of his mother and her Indonesian second husband.[199] Obama's mother was survived by her Kansas-born mother, Madelyn Dunham[200] until her death on November 2, 2008[201] just two days before his election to the Presidency. In Dreams from My Father, Obama ties his mother's family history to possible Native American ancestors and distant relatives of Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.[202] Obama's great-uncle served in the 89th Division that overran Ohrdruf,[203] the first Nazi camp liberated by U.S. troops during World War II.[204]
Obama was known as "Barry" in his youth, but asked to be addressed with his given name during his college years.[205] Besides his native English, Obama speaks Indonesian at the conversational level, which he learned during his four childhood years in Jakarta.[206][207] He plays basketball, a sport he participated in as a member of his high school's varsity team.[208]

Obama playing basketball with U.S. military at Camp Lemonier, Djibouti in 2006[209]In June 1989, Obama met Michelle Robinson when he was employed as a summer associate at the Chicago law firm of Sidley Austin.[210] Assigned for three months as Obama's adviser at the firm, Robinson joined him at group social functions, but declined his initial requests to date.[211] They began dating later that summer, became engaged in 1991, and were married on October 3, 1992.[212] The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born on July 4, 1998,[213] followed by a second daughter, Natasha ("Sasha"), on June 10, 2001.[214] The Obama daughters attended the private University of Chicago Laboratory Schools. When they moved to Washington, D.C., in January 2009, the girls started at the private Sidwell Friends School.[215]
Applying the proceeds of a book deal, the family moved in 2005 from a Hyde Park, Chicago condominium to a $1.6 million house in neighboring Kenwood, Chicago.[216] The purchase of an adjacent lot and sale of part of it to Obama by the wife of developer, campaign donor and friend Tony Rezko attracted media attention because of Rezko's subsequent indictment and conviction on political corruption charges that were unrelated to Obama.[217][218]
In December 2007, Money magazine estimated the Obama family's net worth at $1.3 million.[219] Their 2007 tax return showed a household income of $4.2 million—up from about $1 million in 2006 and $1.6 million in 2005—mostly from sales of his books.[220]
Obama is a Christian whose religious views developed in his adult life. In The Audacity of Hope, Obama writes that he "was not raised in a religious household". He describes his mother, raised by non-religious parents (whom Obama has specified elsewhere as "non-practicing Methodists and Baptists") to be detached from religion, yet "in many ways the most spiritually awakened person that I have ever known". He describes his father as "raised a Muslim", but a "confirmed atheist" by the time his parents met, and his stepfather as "a man who saw religion as not particularly useful". Obama explained how, through working with black churches as a community organizer while in his twenties, he came to understand "the power of the African-American religious tradition to spur social change".[221][222] He was baptized at the Trinity United Church of Christ in 1988 and was an active member there for two decades.[223][224] Obama resigned from Trinity during the Presidential campaign after controversial statements made by Rev. Jeremiah Wright became public.[225]
Obama has tried to quit smoking several times,[226] and said he will not smoke in the White House
事业：
Domestic policy
On January 29, 2009, President Obama signed his first bill into law, the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, which eased the requirements for filing employment discrimination lawsuits.[134] Five days later, he signed the reauthorization of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) to cover an additional 4 million children currently uninsured.[135]
In March 2009, Obama repealed a Bush-era policy that prevented federal tax dollars from being used to fund research on new lines of embryonic stem cells. Although such research had been a matter of debate, Obama stated that he believed "sound science and moral values...are not inconsistent," and that we have "the humanity and conscience" to pursue this research responsibly, pledging to develop "strict guidelines" to ensure that.[136]
On May 26, 2009, Obama nominated Sonia Sotomayor to replace retiring Associate Justice David Souter. Sotomayor was confirmed on August 6, 2009 by a vote of 68-31,[137] becoming the first Hispanic to be a Supreme Court Justice. She joins Ruth Bader Ginsburg as one of two women on the Court and is the third woman ever to be a Justice.[138]
Economic management
On February 17, 2009, Barack Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, a $787 billion economic stimulus package aimed at helping the economy recover from the deepening worldwide recession. Obama made a high-profile visit to Capitol Hill to engage with Congressional Republicans, but the bill ultimately passed with the support of only three Republican senators.[139] The act includes increased federal spending for health care, infrastructure, education, various tax breaks and incentives, and direct assistance to individuals,[140][141] which is being distributed over the course of several years, with about 25% due by the end of 2009. In June, Obama, unsatisfied with the pace of the investment, called on his cabinet to accelerate the spending over the next weeks.[142]
In March, Obama's Treasury Secretary, Timothy Geithner, took further steps to manage the financial crisis, including introducing the Public-Private Investment Program which contains provisions for buying up to $2 trillion in depreciated real estate assets that were deemed to be weighing down stock valuations, freezing the credit market and delaying economic recovery. On March 23, The New York Times noted that "(i)nvestors reacted ecstatically, with all of the major stock indexes soaring as soon as the markets opened."[143][144] Along with spending and loan guarantees from the Federal Reserve and the Treasury Department, about $11.5 trillion had been authorized by the Bush and Obama administrations, with $2.7 trillion actually spent by the end of June 2009.[145]
Obama intervened in the troubled automotive industry[146] in March, renewing loans for General Motors and Chrysler Corporation to continue operations while reorganizing. Over the following months the White House set terms for both firms' bankruptcies, including the sale of Chrysler to Italian automaker Fiat[147] and a reorganization of GM giving the U.S. government a 60% equity stake in the company.[148]
Foreign policy
Main article: Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration
In February and March, Vice President Joe Biden and Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton made separate overseas trips to announce a "new era" in U.S. foreign relations with Russia and Europe, using the terms "break" and "reset" to signal major changes from the policies of the preceding administration.[149][150] Obama's granting of his first television interview as President to an Arabic cable network, Al Arabiya, was seen as an attempt to reach out to Arab leaders.[151]
On March 19, Obama continued his outreach to the Muslim world, releasing a New Year's video message to the people and government of Iran.[152] This attempt at outreach was rebuffed by the Iranian leadership.[153] In April, Obama gave a speech in Ankara, Turkey which was well received by many Arab governments.[154] On June 4, 2009, Obama delivered a speech at Cairo University in Egypt calling for "a new beginning" in relations between the Islamic world and the United States and promoting Middle East peace.[155][156][157]
On June 26, 2009, in response to the Iranian government's actions towards protesters following Iran's 2009 presidential election, Obama said: "The violence perpetrated against them is outrageous. We see it and we condemn it."[158] On July 7, while in Moscow, he responded to a Vice President Biden comment on a possible Israeli military strike on Iran by saying: "We have said directly to the Israelis that it is important to try and resolve this in an international setting in a way that does not create major conflict in the Middle East."[159]
Iraq war
During his presidential transition, President-elect Obama announced that he would retain the incumbent Defense Secretary, Robert Gates, in his Cabinet.[160]
Early in his presidency, Obama moved to change the perception of U.S. war strategy by planning to decrease troop levels in Iraq as was planned in the closing days of the previous U.S. regime.[161]
On February 27, Obama declared that combat operations would end in Iraq within 18 months. His remarks were made to a group of Marines preparing for deployment to Afghanistan. Obama said, "Let me say this as plainly as I can: By August 31, 2010, our combat mission in Iraq will end."[162]
War in Afghanistan
Early in his presidency, Obama moved to change U.S. war strategy by increasing troop strength in Afghanistan.[163]
On February 18, 2009, Obama announced that the U.S. troop strength in Afghanistan would be boosted by 17,000, asserting that the increase was necessary to "stabilize a deteriorating situation in Afghanistan", an area he said had not received the "strategic attention, direction and resources it urgently requires".[164]
On May 11, Obama replaced his military commander in Afghanistan, General David D. McKiernan, with former Special Forces commander Lt. Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal, believing that Gen. McChrystal's Special Forces experience would facilitate the use of counterinsurgency tactics in the war.[165][166]

[陆港澳译名] 奥巴马
[台湾译名] 欧巴马
[英文] Barack Hussein Obama
个人资料全名：贝拉克·侯赛因·奥巴马（小）（Barack Hussein Obama Jr.）（台湾地区译为欧巴马）
党派：民主党
身高：186cm
生日：1961年8月4日
出生地：夏威夷檀香山
居住地...

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[陆港澳译名] 奥巴马
[台湾译名] 欧巴马
[英文] Barack Hussein Obama
个人资料全名：贝拉克·侯赛因·奥巴马（小）（Barack Hussein Obama Jr.）（台湾地区译为欧巴马）
党派：民主党
身高：186cm
生日：1961年8月4日
出生地：夏威夷檀香山
居住地：伊利诺伊州芝加哥市
公职：第44任美国总统（第56届、第43位）（任期：2009年1月20日——2013年1月20日）
伊利诺伊州联邦参议员（2004年首次当选）
伊利诺伊州州参议员（1997-2004）（2005年1月3日–2009年1月3日）
职业背景：1993-2004，Miner Barnhill & Galland律师事务所律师（伊利诺伊州芝加哥）
教育背景：1983年获哥伦比亚大学文学学士学位（曾经在美国加州西方学院攻读两年，后转至哥伦比亚大学）
1991年获哈佛大学法学院法学博士学位
婚姻状况：1992年结婚，育有二女（大女：玛丽亚Malia，生于1999年；小女:娜塔莎Natasha，生于2001年）
宗教信仰：联合基督教会（新教）
著作：《希望无畏：开垦美国梦的思考》（The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream）[2006];
《父亲留下来的梦想：种族与传统的故事》（Dreams from my Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance）[1995]
奥巴马出生于夏威夷。父亲是肯尼亚一名黑人经济学家，母亲是美国一名白人女教师。父母在奥巴马两岁的时候分手，在听说父亲1982年在肯尼亚死于车祸前，奥巴马只见过父亲一次，奥巴马跟着母亲和姥姥姥爷长大。
父亲贝拉克·奥巴马是一名在夏威夷念书的肯尼亚留学生。母亲安·邓纳姆是一个白人，原本来自堪萨斯州。当邓纳姆与老奥巴马结婚时，她刚好18岁。这一段婚姻很短暂，老奥巴马离家前往哈佛大学念经济学的博士学位，就把年轻的妻子和年幼的儿子奥巴马(那时他才两岁)抛下了，他没有钱带上妻儿同去。毕业后，他更是带着另一名美国女人露丝回到了肯尼亚，露丝成为他的第三任妻子，因为在家乡他早已娶了一任妻子。
父亲离开了，奥巴马跟着母亲长大。邓纳姆后来嫁给了一名印尼石油公司的经理罗罗·素托罗，素托罗由于工作的关系需要去雅加达，于是，邓纳姆带着6岁的奥巴马去了印尼。奥巴马在印尼度过了四年的童年时光。
10岁时，母亲与继父离婚，奥巴马回到了夏威夷，大部分的时间他和外祖父、外祖母生活在一起。邓纳姆带着她与素托罗生的女儿玛亚又回到印尼。当时，邓纳姆生活十分困难，她自己在攻读人类学博士学位，还省吃俭用供儿子读书。奥巴马老少儿童时期奥巴马一家挤在一个很小的公寓里面。奥巴马的外祖父换过多份工作，先做过家具推销员，还当过一名很失败的保险经纪。外祖母在一家银行工作。但奥巴马竟然进了夏威夷普纳后私立学校，这说明小家伙很会念书，但家里负担不轻。夏威夷普纳后私立学校是夏威夷乃至全美最优秀的私立学校，具有百年历史，学费昂贵，但凡有点钱财地位的人无论如何都是要把孩子往里塞的。一旦进去了，父母脸上有光，小孩前程似锦。
一谈到这件事，邓纳姆总是半带自豪地认为，奥巴马继承了他父亲的智慧，沿着他父亲成功的道路在走。
在2004年7月，民主党召开全国代表大会，奥巴马被指定在第二天做“基调演讲”。所谓“基调演讲”，就是民主党人阐述本党的纲领和政策宣言，通常由本党极有前途的政治新星来发表，1988年做“基调演讲”的人就是时任阿肯色州州长的克林顿。奥巴马不负众望，他亲自撰写演讲稿，并发表了慷慨激昂的演说。在演说中他提出消除党派分歧和种族分歧、实现“一个美国”的梦想。
45岁的奥巴马演说极具魅力，灿烂的笑容更虏获许多民众的心。与过去有意竞选总统的黑人前辈相比，奥巴马是首位在初选前民调获得全国性支持的明日之星，打败2008年民主党总统候选人的热门人选之一的希拉里，成为民主党总统竞选人。
奥巴马在短短两年多的时间里就已在政坛造成一股旋风，甚至有人把“奥巴马现象”拿来与前总统肯尼迪1960年挟带强大人气进军白宫来相提并论。

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