英语翻译Top Issues Facing the Dam Safety Community1.Risk of FailureDriving every other issue and all activities within the dam safety community is the risk of dam failure.Although the majority of dams in the U.S.have responsible owners and are pr

英语翻译Top Issues Facing the Dam Safety Community1.Risk of FailureDriving every other issue and all activities within the dam safety community is the risk of dam failure.Although the majority of dams in the U.S.have responsible owners and are pr
英语翻译
Top Issues Facing the Dam Safety Community
1.Risk of Failure
Driving every other issue and all activities within the dam safety community is the risk of dam failure.Although the majority of dams in the U.S.have responsible owners and are properly maintained,still many dams fail every year.In the past several years,there have been hundreds of documented failures across the nation (this includes 250 after the Georgia Flood of 1994).A life was recently lost in New Hampshire as a result of a dam failure.Dam and downstream repair costs resulting from failures in 23 states reporting in one recent year totaled $54.3 million.
Dam failures are most likely to happen for one of five reasons:
Overtopping caused by water spilling over the top of a dam
Structural failure of materials used in dam construction
Cracking caused by movements like the natural settling of a dam
Inadequate maintenance and upkeep
Piping—when seepage through a dam is not properly filtered and soil particles continue to progress and form sink holes in the dam
Historically,dams that failed had some deficiency,as characterized above,which caused the failure.These dams are typically termed "unsafe." Currently,there are about 2,000 "unsafe" dams in the U.S.There are unsafe dams in almost every state.(A majority of states and federal agencies define an "unsafe" dam as one that has been found to have deficiencies that leave it more susceptible to failure.)

英语翻译Top Issues Facing the Dam Safety Community1.Risk of FailureDriving every other issue and all activities within the dam safety community is the risk of dam failure.Although the majority of dams in the U.S.have responsible owners and are pr
堤坝安全面临的主要问题
1.决口风险
堤坝决口风险是堤坝安全内的源动因素及所有活动.尽管美国大多数堤坝都有所属相关责任人及彻底维护,但每年仍有很多堤坝决口.过去的几年里,全国有数百次记录在案的决口（包括1994年乔治亚州洪水后的250次）.最近新罕布什尔州因堤坝决口而失去一条生命.最近一年内,23个州因堤坝决口造成的维修费用总共为54.3百万美元.
堤坝决口主要由下面五个原因之一引发：
水位高过堤坝（溢流）
建筑堤坝的材料引发的结构性决口
堤坝下沉等运动引发的裂缝
失修及保养不足
管线－当堤坝渗流没有完全过滤时,泥土颗粒持续流失并形成沉孔.
历史上,决口的堤坝都有以上特点的缺陷.这些堤坝常冠以‘险堤’之名.目前,美国大约有2000个‘险堤’.几乎每个州都有‘险堤’.（大多数州及组织将‘险堤’定义为存在易决口缺陷的堤坝.）

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顶端议题面对水坝安全社区
1. 失败的危险
驾驶每隔一议题和所有的活动在水坝安全社区里面是水坝失败的危险。虽然在美国的多数水坝有有责任的拥有者而且被适当地维护,但是许多水坝每年失败。 在过去一些年中,在全国各地已经有数以百计被证明的失败.( 这在格鲁吉亚州洪水之后包括 250 1994) 生活最近一个水坝失败的结果在新罕布什尔被遗失。 在最近的年内起因于报告的 23 州的失败水坝和...

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顶端议题面对水坝安全社区
1. 失败的危险
驾驶每隔一议题和所有的活动在水坝安全社区里面是水坝失败的危险。虽然在美国的多数水坝有有责任的拥有者而且被适当地维护,但是许多水坝每年失败。 在过去一些年中,在全国各地已经有数以百计被证明的失败.( 这在格鲁吉亚州洪水之后包括 250 1994) 生活最近一个水坝失败的结果在新罕布什尔被遗失。 在最近的年内起因于报告的 23 州的失败水坝和下游的修理费用总计了五千四百三十万元。
水坝失败很有可能要为五个理由之一发生:
高耸引起藉着水在水坝的顶端上方溢出之上
被用于水坝建筑的材料结构的失败
弄碎藉着运动像肉色一个水坝的解决引起
不充分的维护和维持
吹笛—当经过水坝的渗流不被适当地过滤并且弄脏粒子的时候促进而且形成水坝的洗涤槽洞
历史地, 水坝失败的有了一些缺乏, 当做表示的特色在上面, 引起了失败。 这些水坝被典型地称 "不安全的" 。 现在,有关美国的 2,000个 "不安全的" 水坝有 有几乎每州的不安全的水坝。( 多数的州和联邦的代理定义 "不安全的" 水坝当已经被发现有对失败让它较多的易受影响者的缺乏一个.)

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