定语从句中关系词which与that有什么区别?

定语从句中关系词which与that有什么区别?
定语从句中关系词which与that有什么区别?

定语从句中关系词which与that有什么区别?
which 与 that 在定语从句中 被称为：关系代词
which 引导定语从句时,先行词是物,在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语
that 引导定语从句时,先行词既可以是人,也可以是物,在从句中也可做主语、宾语、表语
关于which和that的常考点：
一、在限制性定语从句中,只能用that不能用which的情况：
1）当先行词是指物的不定代词
例：Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
2）当先行词前面有下列词修饰时：the only,the very,just,any,every,some等
例：This is the very busy that I’m waiting for.
3）当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时
例子：This is the best that has been used against pollution.
4）当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时
例：The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
5）当先行词既有人,又有物
例：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
6）当主句的主语是疑问词 who 或 which 时
例：which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
7）主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时
例：there is a seat in the corner that is still available.
二、当先行词指物,定语从句中只能用which不用that的情况：
1）在非限制性定语从句中,只能用 which
2）当动词短语中的介词提前时,只能用 which
3）先行词后面有插入语时,只能用which.
例：Here is the English grammar book which,as I’ve told you,will help you improve your English.
4）先行词本身就是that时
例：What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?

(1)that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which；一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：
. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)
‚. You can take a...

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(1)that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which；一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：
. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)
‚. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）
ƒ. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.(宾语)
„. She's no longer the girl that she used to be before.（表语）
(2)which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语。如：
. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）
‚. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）
ƒ. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）
(1)只用that不用which的情况
①.当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如：
Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.
I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.
②.当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。例如：
The only thing that we could do was to wait.
That’s the very thing that we can do.
③.当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如：
The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.
This is the best novel that I have ever read.
④.被修饰词为数词时。例如：
Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.
⑤.主句是There be结构，修饰主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。例句：
There’s still a room that is free.
⑥.先行词中同时包括人和物时。例如：
We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.
He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.
⑦.当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。例如：
Who is the man that is standing by the door?
Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?
⑧.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词易用that.
That's a good book that will help you a lot.
My home is no longer the place (that) it used to be.
(2）修饰物时只用which不用that的情况
①.引导非限制性定语从句时。例如：
Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.
②.当关系词前有介词时。例如：
This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.
③.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。例如：
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
④.当关系代词后面有插入语时。例如：
Here is the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.

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